WHAT IS PSILOCYBIN?

Psilocybin is a psychoactive compound found in certain mushroom species—also known as magic mushrooms. It acts on a specific subtype of serotonin receptor in the brain, which can result in alterations to mood, cognition, and perception. It is possible that these changes in consciousness may enable therapeutic growth.

“People taking psilocybin often have experiences of significant insight into aspects of their lives, their relationships, and their sources of meaning—who they are as a person and how that has shaped their lives,” Lewis says. “That kind of experience is an important component of treating people with depression.”

Psilocybin is currently a Schedule I drug and not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for clinical use.

WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS?

Side effects of psilocybin can be mild or intense. Mild symptoms include:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Changes in body temperature
• Elevation of heart rate and blood pressure

Psilocybin can also cause a range of psychological reactions that may be difficult or challenging for some people. These symptoms include:

• Anxiety
• Paranoia
• Disorientation

Patients who have a personal or family history of psychosis may also be at increased risk for experiencing a prolonged episode of psychosis. Those with a history of manic episodes may also be at increased risk.

HOW WOULD PSILOCYBIN THERAPY WORK?

In clinical studies, administering psilocybin involves an intense psychotherapeutic preparation before taking the substance. This involves being supported during an eight-hour session with two therapists who are present the entire time. Following this session, the therapists and patient would engage in integration sessions that explore how to translate those experiences to a patient’s life.

“It’s not just taking a pill or substance to treat symptoms,” Lewis says. “It’s about the therapeutic approach, the intentions behind it, and the support that you have in doing so in a therapeutic way.”

Lewis points out he wouldn’t recommend psilocybin to patients at this time due to legal issues, lack of data, and the need for ongoing research.